杂货常用资料(三)缺陷的判断及集装箱常识

TESTCOO/2021-10-22

  缺陷的判断:

  • A unit of product is classified as “ Defect”: A departure of a quality characteristic from its intended level or state that occurs with a severity sufficient to cause an associated product or service not to satisfy intended normal, or foreseeable, usage requirements.
  • A unit of product is classified as “Critical Defective” if it would result in hazardous or unsafe conditions for individuals using and maintaining. (e.g. Sharp point, Fail in high voltage test)
  • A unit of product is classified as “Major Defective” if it is likely to result in failure, or to reduce materially the usability of the unit for its intended purpose. (e.g. Open seam
  • A unit of product is classified as “Minor Defective” if it is having little bearing on the effective use of the product. (e.g. Uncut thread end )

 

  缺陷的描述句式一般为:

  • Degree +Defective name +Location +Classification (程度+缺陷名称+位置+分类)

例如:

Slightly (degree) scratch mark (Defective name ) at bumper(Location) as a Minor defect (Classification)

 

 

  集装箱常识: 集装箱在进出口货物运输中应用广泛,下面是一些有关集装箱方面的常识:

 

集装箱(container) 所谓集装箱,是指具有一定强度、刚度和规格专供周转使用的大型装货容器。使用集装箱转运

货物,可直接在发货人的仓库装货,运到收货人的仓库卸货,中途更换车、船时,无须将货物 从箱中取出换装。按所装货物种类分,有杂货集装箱、散货集装箱、液体集装箱、冷藏集装箱 等;按制造材料分,有木集装箱、刚集装箱、玻璃集装箱、铝合金集装箱、不锈刚集装箱等;

按结构分,有折叠式集装箱、固定式集装箱等,在固定式集装箱中,还可分为密闭式集装箱、

开顶式集装箱、板架集装箱等;按总重分,有 30 吨集装箱、20 吨集装箱、10 吨集装箱、5 吨集装箱、2.5 吨集装箱等.

 

集装箱外尺寸(container’s overall external dimensions) 包括集装箱永久性附件在内的集装箱外部最大的长、宽、高尺寸。它是确定集装箱能否在船舶、 车、

货车、铁路车辆之间换装的主要参数。是各运输部门必须掌握的一项重要技术资料.

 

集装箱内尺寸(container’s internal dimensions) 集装箱内部的最大长、宽、高尺寸。高度民主为箱底板面至箱顶板最下面的距离,宽度为两内 侧衬板之间的距离,长度为箱门内侧板量至内衬板之间的距离。它决定集装箱内容积和箱内货 物的最大尺寸.

 

集装箱计量单位(twenty-feet equivalent units ,简称 TEU

又称 20 英尺换算单位,是计算集装箱箱数的换算单位。目前各国大部分集装箱运输,都采用

20 英尺和 40 英尺长的两种集装箱。为使集装箱箱数计算统一化,把 20 英尺集装箱作为一个 换算单位,40 尺集装箱作为两个计算单位,以利统一计算集装箱的营运量

 

相关阅读:

杂货常用资料(一)-常用单位换算

杂货常用资料(二)-常见包装相关知识